360: Meaning a "360-degree penalty turn", one complete circle sailed as a penalty for hitting a buoy.
360：意思是一个360度转圈惩罚选手在撞击浮标后被罚航行一整圈。 |
720: Meaning a "720-degree penalty turn", two complete circles sailed as a penalty for breaching a rule.
720: 意思是一个?20度转圈惩罚选手在违反规则后被罚航行两整圈。 |
Abandon: A ruling by the Race Committee or jury to void a race, although it may be sailed again later.
流赛：由比赛委员会或裁判委员会做出判决，宣布比赛无效。事后可以重新比赛。 |
Ballast: Extra weight carried for stability, usually lodged in the keel.
压舱物：保持船体稳定额外重物。通常安装在龙骨内。 |
Bear away: To alter course away from the wind.
航向下风：远离风向改变航行路线。 |
Beat: The line taken to sail most directly into the wind (about 45 degrees from wind direction); also known as "work".
迎风：直接面对风向航行的路线（与风向保持约45度角）；也称为工作。 |
Buoy: A rounding mark that floats on the water, denoting the required course.
浮标：一种圆型的浮在水上的标记，用来标记航行路线。 |
DNC: Meaning "did not compete", the ruling when a boat fails to compete in a scheduled race and is awarded the maximum number of points for the race.
DNC：意思是没有参加比赛是对没有参加预定比赛船只的判决，记该轮比赛成绩为最高分。 |
DND: Meaning "disqualification not discardable", the ruling when the jury disqualifies a boat from a race and awards the maximum number of points for the race, points which may not be discarded from the overall score later.
DND：意思是扣除取消比赛资格分数，是裁判委员会做出的取消船只参赛资格的判决，并记该轮比赛的分数为最高分，最终计算总分时不扣除。 |
DNF: Meaning "did not finish", the ruling when a boat fails to finish a race and is awarded the maximum number of points for the race.
DNF：意思是没有完成比赛，是对没有完成某轮比赛船只的判决，并记该轮比赛成绩为最高分。 |
| DNS: Meaning "did not start", the ruling when a competing boat fails to start a race and is awarded the maximum number of points for that race. DNS：意思是没有开始比赛，是对没有开始某轮比赛船只的判决，并记该轮比赛成绩为最高分。 |
DSQ: Meaning "disqualified", the ruling when the jury disqualifies a boat from a race and awards the maximum number of points for the race.
DSQ：意思是?#26080;参赛资格?#65292;是裁判委员会对船只无资格参加某轮比赛的判决，并记该轮比赛成绩为最高分。 |
Fleet racing: A style of race where all the competitors sail against each other at once, the predominant form of sailing at the Olympic Games.
船队赛：一种比赛方式，所有参赛选手同时参加比赛，是奥运会主要比赛方式。 |
Forestay: The rigging that secures the mast forward.
前支索：从前面固定桅杆的索具。 |
Gybe: To shift the mainsail from one side to the other when sailing with the wind behind; also "jibe".
转帆：顺风行驶时将主帆从船的一侧转到另一侧。 |
Headsail: The sail in front of the mast.
前帆：桅杆前面的帆。 |
Jibe: To shift the mainsail from one side to the other when sailing with the wind behind; also "gybe".
转帆：顺风行驶时将主帆从船的一侧转到另一侧。 |
Leeward: The side farthest from the wind.
下风侧：距离风向最远的一侧。 |
Leg: A part of the course bounded by two marks or buoys.
站：航行路线的一部分，在两个浮标或标记之间。 |
Luffing: Altering course toward the wind.
迎风转向：改变航行路线，使之面对风向。 |
Mark: A buoy that defines the endpoint of a leg of a race.
标记：一种标记一轮比赛中一站端点的浮标。 |
Mast: A vertical spar or pole to which a sail or sails attach.
桅杆：一种垂直圆材或杆，用来悬挂船帆。 |
Match racing: One-on-one racing between two boats, a component of the programme for the Soling class at the Olympic Games.
配对比赛：两帆船之间一对一的比赛，是奥运会索林级帆船赛的一个部分。 |
OCS: Meaning "on course side", a ruling where a boat is deemed to have started a race prematurely and is subsequently disqualified from the race and awarded the maximum number of points.
OCS：意思是“赛道”，是对船只过早出发从而取消其参赛资格的判决，并记该轮比赛的成绩为最高分。 |
Open: A style of competition in which both men and women may enter.
公开赛：一种男女皆可参加的比赛。 |
Port: A boat's left side when looking forward.
左弦：面对正前方时船只的左侧。 |
Pre-start manoeuvres: Tactical manoeuvres in the water carried out with the intention of being in the best possible position for the starting signal.
开始前调整：在水上进行的一系列技术调整，以便开始信号发出后以最好的姿势开始比赛。 |
Race committee: The on-water officials responsible for setting the course and starting and finishing the race in accordance with the race rules and regulations.
比赛委员会：由在比赛现场的官员组成，根据比赛规则负责确定航道以及宣布比赛开始和结束。 |
RDG: Meaning "redress", a ruling where the jury reinstates or changes a boat's score for a particular race, based on a protest hearing.
RDG：意思是“救”，是指裁判委员会根据抗议听证做出的恢复或更改船只某轮比赛成绩的判决。 |
Reach: To sail across the wind, or between the extremes of beat and run.
侧风：横穿风向航行，介入顺风和迎风之间。 |
Rudder: A vertical board hinged to the back of a boat that turns the craft.
方向舵：一种铰接于船尾的垂直板，用来控制航向。 |
Run: The course taken to sail most directly downwind, or with the wind.
顺风：直接沿风向航行的路线。 |
Starboard: A boat's right side when looking forward.
右舷：面对正前方时船只的右侧。 |
Tack: To change direction relative to wind direction (usually in a zigzag manner over the duration of an upwind leg), such as changing from having the wind on the right to having the wind on the left.
换抢风向；改变与风向相对的航行方向（通常在迎风做Z字形航行时使用），例如从右侧受风改为左侧受风。 |
Trapezoidal: A four-leg course configuration with separate starting and finish lines.
梯形：一种航行路线，分四站，有不同的出发与冲刺线。 |
Windward: The side closest to the wind.
迎风侧：距离风向最近的一侧。 |
Windward return: A type of course configuration requiring the boats to sail into the wind to a mark, then with the wind when returning to a second mark .
迎风返回：一种航行路线，要求船只逆风行驶，到达第一个标记后返回，顺风到达第二个标记。 |
Work: The course taken to sail most directly into the wind (about 45 degrees from wind direction); also known as "beat".
工作：直接面对风向航行的路线（与风向保持约45度角）；也称为“风”; |
